Calculation/correction of energy losses of particles through an experimental target.

MULTILAYER TARGET

In order to make a target with several absorber layers, proceed as follows:

KVTarget targ("Ta", 8.3); // first layer 8.3mg/cm2 Ta

targ.AddLayer("C", 20.0); // second layer 20mg/cm2 C

KVTarget

Calculation/correction of energy losses of particles through an experimental target.

Definition: KVTarget.h:126

Note that all "thicknesses" for targets and target layers are in $mg/cm^2$.

ORIENTATION OF TARGET

The target can be oriented in an arbitrary way, by defining the vector normal to its surface. By default, this vector is $(0,0,1)$ i.e. in the beam-direction. You can access this vector in order to modify it using GetNormal().

In order to change the target's angle to the beam, as for a rotation about the +ve x-axis (12 o'clock in lab frame) use SetAngleToBeam() with an angle in degrees. i.e. to set the angle of the target in the previous example to 30deg. w.r.t. the beam,

targ.SetAngleToBeam( 30.0 );

CALCULATE ENERGY LOSSES OF PARTICLES IN TARGET

To calculate the energy loss of particles created in a reaction in the target, set the target mode to outgoing and then use GetELostByParticle or DetectParticle:

KVNucleus *part;                                                         //pointer to particle
targ.SetOutgoing();                                                     //calculate energy loss for particles leaving target
Double_t eloss = targ.GetELostByParticle(part);

By default, the calculation is made for particles leaving an interaction point half- way through the target along the beam direction $(0,0,1)$. You can change this by calling SetRandomized() and/or calling GetInteractionPoint() with a pointer to a supposedly incident particle whose direction is different from that of the beam.

To simulate the energy losses of all particles in an event, use DetectEvent().

ELASTIC/INELASTIC SCATTERING

To simulate scattering requires:

to set an interaction point (IP) in the target
calculate the energy lost by an incident particle in the target up to the IP
calculate the energy losses of the outgoing particle(s) after scattering from the IP

See also: KVElasticScatter

1.) SETTING AN INTERACTION POINT

a.) Interaction point anywhere in the target

Calling GetInteractionPoint() with a pointer to the incident particle will generate a new interaction point, either halfway along the particle's trajectory through the target (default) or at a random point along the trajectory if SetRandomized() has previously been called.

Suppose that KVNucleus* proj is a pointer to the incident beam particle. Then, to set the interaction point a random distance inside the target:

targ.SetRandomized(); // only needs to be called once, all IPs are randomly generated afterwards

TVector3 IP = targ.GetInteractionPoint(proj);

TVector3

Subsequent calls to GetInteractionPoint() WITHOUT an argument return the last generated IP vector

TVector3 IP2 = targ.GetInteractionPoint(); // IP2 and IP are the same

b.) Interaction point in a specific layer of the target

You can choose in which layer of the target you want to set the IP. To indicate the layer you can either give the name of the type of material it is made of (as long as no two layers are of the same type!), or the number of the layer. Layers are numbered 1,2, etc. in the order they are added to the target.

Suppose that KVNucleus* proj is a pointer to the incident beam particle. Then, to set the interaction point inside the carbon layer of our example target:

targ.SetInteractionLayer("C", proj); // <==> targ.SetInteractionLayer(2,proj) using index

TVector3 IP = targ.GetInteractionPoint(); // get generated IP

Note that if SetRandomized() has been used the IP will be set at a random depth inside the layer, or halfway through it by default.

2.) ENERGY LOSS OF INCIDENT PARTICLE BEFORE SCATTERING

To calculate the energy lost by incident particles in the target before they reach the IP, first set the 'mode' of the target to 'incoming':

targ.SetIncoming();

targ.DetectParticle(proj); //particle passes through target up to interaction point

3.) ENERGY LOSS OF PARTICLES AFTER SCATTERING

Set the 'mode' of the target to 'outgoing' and then:

targ.SetOutgoing();

targ.DetectParticle(proj);

CORRECTION OF PARTICLE ENERGIES FOR TARGET ENERGY LOSS

See method GetParticleEIncFromERes().

Definition at line 126 of file KVTarget.h.

Public Member Functions
	KVTarget ()
	Default costructor. More...

	KVTarget (const Char_t *material, Double_t thick=0.0)

	KVTarget (const KVTarget &)
	Copy ctor. More...

virtual	~ KVTarget ()

void	AddLayer (const Char_t *material, Double_t thick)

void	Clear (Option_t *opt="")
	Reset absorber - set energy lost by particles to zero. More...

virtual void	Copy (TObject &obj) const
	Copy this to obj. More...

void	DetectEvent (KVEvent *)

virtual void	DetectParticle (KVNucleus , TVector3 norm=0)

Double_t	GetAngleToBeam ()
	Gives angle of target to incident beam direction in degrees. More...

Double_t	GetAtomsPerCM2 () const
	virtual UInt_t GetUnits() const; More...

Double_t	GetEffectiveThickness (KVParticle *part=0, Int_t ilayer=1)

Double_t	GetEffectiveThickness (TVector3 &direction, Int_t ilayer=1)

virtual Double_t	GetELostByParticle (KVNucleus , TVector3 norm=0)

virtual Double_t	GetIncidentEnergyFromERes (Int_t Z, Int_t A, Double_t Eres)

TVector3 &	GetInteractionPoint (KVParticle *part=0)

KVMaterial *	GetLayer (const Char_t *name)
	Returns layer corresponding to absorber of type 'name'. More...

KVMaterial *	GetLayer (TVector3 &depth)

KVMaterial *	GetLayerByDepth (Double_t depth)

KVMaterial *	GetLayerByIndex (Int_t ilayer) const

Int_t	GetLayerIndex (const Char_t *name)

Int_t	GetLayerIndex (Double_t depth)

Int_t	GetLayerIndex (TVector3 &depth)

KVList *	GetLayers () const

const TVector3 &	GetNormal ()

virtual Double_t	GetParticleEIncFromERes (KVNucleus , TVector3 norm=0)

Double_t	GetThickness () const

Double_t	GetThickness (Int_t ilayer) const
	'Thickness' in mg/cm**2 of layer 'ilayer' in target More...

Double_t	GetTotalEffectiveThickness (KVParticle *part=0)

Double_t	GetTotalEffectiveThickness (TVector3 &, Int_t lay1=1, Int_t lay2=0)

Double_t	GetTotalThickness ()

Double_t	GetTotalThickness (Int_t lay1, Int_t lay2)

Bool_t	IsIncoming () const

Bool_t	IsOutgoing () const

Bool_t	IsRandomized () const

Int_t	NumberOfLayers () const

void	Print (Option_t *opt="") const
	Show information on this material. More...

void	SetAngleToBeam (Double_t a)

void	SetIncoming (Bool_t r=kTRUE)

void	SetInteractionLayer (const Char_t name, KVParticle part)

void	SetInteractionLayer (const Char_t *name, TVector3 &dir)

void	SetInteractionLayer (Int_t ilayer, TVector3 &dir)

void	SetLayerThickness (Float_t thick, Int_t ilayer=1)
	Set 'thickness' in mg/cm**2 of a layer, by default this is the first layer. More...

virtual void	SetMaterial (const Char_t *type)
	Set material of first layer. More...

void	SetOutgoing (Bool_t r=kTRUE)

void	SetRandomized (Bool_t r=kTRUE)

Public Member Functions inherited from KVMaterial
	KVMaterial ()
	default ctor More...

	KVMaterial (const Char_t *gas, const Double_t thick, const Double_t pressure, const Double_t temperature=19.0)

	KVMaterial (const Char_t *type, const Double_t thick=0.0)
	Create material with given type and linear thickness in cm. More...

	KVMaterial (const KVMaterial &)
	Copy ctor. More...

	KVMaterial (Double_t area_density, const Char_t *type)
	Create material with given area density in g/cm**2 and given type. More...

virtual	~ KVMaterial ()

virtual TGeoVolume *	GetAbsGeoVolume () const

virtual KVMaterial *	GetActiveLayer () const

Double_t	GetAreaDensity () const
	Return area density of material in g/cm**2. More...

virtual Double_t	GetDeltaE (Int_t Z, Int_t A, Double_t Einc)

virtual Double_t	GetDeltaEFromERes (Int_t Z, Int_t A, Double_t Eres)

Double_t	GetDensity () const

Double_t	GetEffectiveAreaDensity (TVector3 &norm, TVector3 &direction)

Double_t	GetEffectiveThickness (TVector3 &norm, TVector3 &direction)

virtual Double_t	GetEIncOfMaxDeltaE (Int_t Z, Int_t A)
	Incident energy for which the DE(E) curve has a maximum. More...

virtual Double_t	GetEmaxValid (Int_t Z, Int_t A)

virtual Double_t	GetEnergyLoss () const

virtual Double_t	GetERes (Int_t Z, Int_t A, Double_t Einc)

virtual Double_t	GetEResFromDeltaE (Int_t Z, Int_t A, Double_t dE=-1.0, enum SolType type=kEmax)

virtual TGeoMedium *	GetGeoMedium (const Char_t *="")

virtual Double_t	GetIncidentEnergy (Int_t Z, Int_t A, Double_t delta_e=-1.0, enum SolType type=kEmax)

virtual Double_t	GetLinearRange (Int_t Z, Int_t A, Double_t Einc)

Double_t	GetMass () const
	Returns atomic mass of material. Will be isotopic mass if set. More...

virtual Double_t	GetMaxDeltaE (Int_t Z, Int_t A)

virtual Double_t	GetPressure () const

virtual Double_t	GetPunchThroughEnergy (Int_t Z, Int_t A)

virtual Double_t	GetRange (Int_t Z, Int_t A, Double_t Einc)

virtual Double_t	GetTemperature () const

Double_t	GetZ () const
	Returns atomic number of material. More...

void	init ()

Bool_t	IsGas () const
	Returns kTRUE for gaseous materials/detectors. More...

Bool_t	IsIsotopic () const

Bool_t	IsNat () const

virtual void	SetAbsGeoVolume (TGeoVolume *v)

void	SetAreaDensity (Double_t dens)

virtual void	SetEnergyLoss (Double_t e) const

void	SetMass (Double_t a)

virtual void	SetPressure (Double_t)

virtual void	SetTemperature (Double_t)

virtual void	SetThickness (Double_t thick)

Public Member Functions inherited from KVBase
	KVBase ()
	Default constructor. More...

	KVBase (const Char_t name, const Char_t title="")
	Ctor for object with given name and type. More...

	KVBase (const KVBase &)
	copy ctor More...

virtual	~ KVBase ()

const Char_t *	GetLabel () const

UInt_t	GetNumber () const

UInt_t	GetNumberOfObjects () const

virtual TObject *	GetObject () const

const Char_t *	GetType () const

Bool_t	HasLabel () const

virtual Bool_t	IsCalled (const Char_t *name) const

Bool_t	IsLabelled (const Char_t *l) const

virtual Bool_t	IsType (const Char_t *typ) const

virtual void	List ()

KVBase &	operator= (const KVBase &)
	copy assignment operator More...

Double_t	ProtectedGetX (const TF1 *func, Double_t val, int &status, Double_t xmin=0.0, Double_t xmax=0.0) const

void	SetLabel (const Char_t *lab)

virtual void	SetNumber (UInt_t num)

virtual void	SetType (const Char_t *str)

Public Member Functions inherited from TNamed
	TNamed ()

	TNamed (const char name, const char title)

	TNamed (const TNamed &named)

	TNamed (const TString &name, const TString &title)

virtual	~TNamed ()

virtual TObject *	Clone (const char *newname="") const

virtual Int_t	Compare (const TObject *obj) const

virtual void	FillBuffer (char *&buffer)

virtual const char *	GetName () const

virtual const char *	GetTitle () const

virtual ULong_t	Hash () const

virtual Bool_t	IsSortable () const

virtual void	ls (Option_t *option="") const

TNamed &	operator= (const TNamed &rhs)

virtual void	SetName (const char *name)

virtual void	SetNameTitle (const char name, const char title)

virtual void	SetTitle (const char *title="")

virtual Int_t	Sizeof () const

Public Member Functions inherited from TObject
	TObject ()

	TObject (const TObject &object)

virtual	~TObject ()

void	AbstractMethod (const char *method) const

virtual void	AppendPad (Option_t *option="")

virtual void	Browse (TBrowser *b)

ULong_t	CheckedHash ()

virtual const char *	ClassName () const

virtual void	Delete (Option_t *option="")

virtual Int_t	DistancetoPrimitive (Int_t px, Int_t py)

virtual void	Draw (Option_t *option="")

virtual void	DrawClass () const

virtual TObject *	DrawClone (Option_t *option="") const

virtual void	Dump () const

virtual void	Error (const char method, const char msgfmt,...) const

virtual void	Execute (const char method, const char params, Int_t *error=0)

virtual void	Execute (TMethod method, TObjArray params, Int_t *error=0)

virtual void	ExecuteEvent (Int_t event, Int_t px, Int_t py)

virtual void	Fatal (const char method, const char msgfmt,...) const

virtual TObject *	FindObject (const char *name) const

virtual TObject *	FindObject (const TObject *obj) const

virtual Option_t *	GetDrawOption () const

virtual const char *	GetIconName () const

virtual char *	GetObjectInfo (Int_t px, Int_t py) const

virtual Option_t *	GetOption () const

virtual UInt_t	GetUniqueID () const

virtual Bool_t	HandleTimer (TTimer *timer)

Bool_t	HasInconsistentHash () const

virtual void	Info (const char method, const char msgfmt,...) const

virtual Bool_t	InheritsFrom (const char *classname) const

virtual Bool_t	InheritsFrom (const TClass *cl) const

virtual void	Inspect () const

void	InvertBit (UInt_t f)

virtual Bool_t	IsEqual (const TObject *obj) const

virtual Bool_t	IsFolder () const

R__ALWAYS_INLINE Bool_t	IsOnHeap () const

R__ALWAYS_INLINE Bool_t	IsZombie () const

void	MayNotUse (const char *method) const

virtual Bool_t	Notify ()

void	Obsolete (const char method, const char asOfVers, const char *removedFromVers) const

void	operator delete (void *ptr)

void	operator delete[] (void *ptr)

void *	operator new (size_t sz)

void *	operator new (size_t sz, void *vp)

void *	operator new[] (size_t sz)

void *	operator new[] (size_t sz, void *vp)

TObject &	operator= (const TObject &rhs)

virtual void	Paint (Option_t *option="")

virtual void	Pop ()

virtual Int_t	Read (const char *name)

virtual void	RecursiveRemove (TObject *obj)

void	ResetBit (UInt_t f)

virtual void	SaveAs (const char filename="", Option_t option="") const

virtual void	SavePrimitive (std::ostream &out, Option_t *option="")

void	SetBit (UInt_t f)

void	SetBit (UInt_t f, Bool_t set)

virtual void	SetDrawOption (Option_t *option="")

virtual void	SetUniqueID (UInt_t uid)

virtual void	SysError (const char method, const char msgfmt,...) const

R__ALWAYS_INLINE Bool_t	TestBit (UInt_t f) const

Int_t	TestBits (UInt_t f) const

virtual void	UseCurrentStyle ()

virtual void	Warning (const char method, const char msgfmt,...) const

virtual Int_t	Write (const char *name=0, Int_t option=0, Int_t bufsize=0)

virtual Int_t	Write (const char *name=0, Int_t option=0, Int_t bufsize=0) const

Protected Member Functions
void	init ()
	Default initialisations. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from TObject
virtual void	DoError (int level, const char location, const char fmt, va_list va) const

void	MakeZombie ()

Protected Attributes
TVector3	fIntPoint
	last randomly generated interaction point More...

Int_t	fNLayers
	number of layers More...

TVector3	fNormal
	normal to target - (0,0,1) by default More...

KVList *	fTargets
	list of layers More...

Protected Attributes inherited from KVMaterial
TGeoVolume *	fAbsorberVolume
	pointer to corresponding volume in ROOT geometry More...

Protected Attributes inherited from KVBase
TString	fLabel
	label for the object More...

Protected Attributes inherited from TNamed
TString	fName

TString	fTitle

Protected Attributes inherited from TObject
	kOnlyPrepStep

Private Types
enum	{ kRandom = BIT(14) , kIncoming = BIT(15) , kOutgoing = BIT(16) }

Additional Inherited Members
Public Types inherited from KVMaterial
enum	SolType { kEmax , kEmin }

Public Types inherited from KVBase
enum	EKaliVedaBits { kIsKaliVedaObject = BIT(23) }

Public Types inherited from TObject
enum	EDeprecatedStatusBits

enum	EStatusBits

Static Public Member Functions inherited from KVMaterial
static KVIonRangeTable *	ChangeRangeTable (const Char_t *name)

static KVIonRangeTable *	GetRangeTable ()

Static Public Member Functions inherited from KVBase
static Bool_t	AreEqual (Double_t x, Double_t y, Long64_t maxdif=1)
	Comparison between two 64-bit floating-point values. More...

static void	BackupFileWithDate (const Char_t *path)

static void	CombineFiles (const Char_t file1, const Char_t file2, const Char_t *newfilename, Bool_t keep=kTRUE)

static void	Deprecated (const char method, const char advice)

static Bool_t	FindClassSourceFiles (const Char_t class_name, KVString &imp_file, KVString &dec_file, const Char_t dir_name=".")

static Bool_t	FindExecutable (TString &exec, const Char_t *path="$(PATH)")

static const Char_t *	FindFile (const Char_t *search, TString &wfil)

static const Char_t *	GetBINDIRFilePath (const Char_t *namefile="")

static const Char_t *	GetDATABASEFilePath ()

static const Char_t *	GetDATADIRFilePath (const Char_t *namefile="")

static Bool_t	GetDataSetEnv (const Char_t dataset, const Char_t type, Bool_t defval)

static const Char_t *	GetDataSetEnv (const Char_t dataset, const Char_t type, const Char_t *defval)

static Double_t	GetDataSetEnv (const Char_t dataset, const Char_t type, Double_t defval)

static const Char_t *	GetETCDIRFilePath (const Char_t *namefile="")

static const Char_t *	GetExampleFilePath (const Char_t library, const Char_t namefile)
	Return full path to example file for given library (="KVMultiDet", "BackTrack", etc.) More...

static const Char_t *	GetINCDIRFilePath (const Char_t *namefile="")

static const Char_t *	GetKVBuildDate ()
	Returns KaliVeda build date. More...

static const Char_t *	GetKVBuildDir ()
	Returns top-level directory used for build. More...

static const Char_t *	GetKVBuildTime ()
	Returns KaliVeda build date. More...

static const Char_t *	GetKVBuildType ()
	Returns KaliVeda build type (cmake build: Release, Debug, RelWithDebInfo, ...) More...

static const Char_t *	GetKVBuildUser ()
	Returns username of person who performed build. More...

static const Char_t *	GetKVSourceDir ()
	Returns top-level directory of source tree used for build. More...

static const Char_t *	GetKVVersion ()
	Returns KaliVeda version string. More...

static const Char_t *	GetLIBDIRFilePath (const Char_t *namefile="")

static const Char_t *	GetListOfPlugins (const Char_t *base)

static const Char_t *	GetListOfPluginURIs (const Char_t *base)

static const Char_t *	GetPluginURI (const Char_t base, const Char_t plugin)

static void	GetTempFileName (TString &base)

static const Char_t *	GetTEMPLATEDIRFilePath (const Char_t *namefile="")

static const Char_t *	GetWORKDIRFilePath (const Char_t *namefile="")

static const Char_t *	gitBranch ()
	Returns git branch of sources. More...

static const Char_t *	gitCommit ()
	Returns last git commit of sources. More...

static void	InitEnvironment ()

static bool	is_gnuinstall ()

static Bool_t	IsThisAPlugin (const TString &uri, TString &base)

static TPluginHandler *	LoadPlugin (const Char_t base, const Char_t uri="0")

static Bool_t	OpenContextMenu (const char method, TObject obj, const char *alt_method_name="")

static void	OpenTempFile (TString &base, std::ofstream &fp)

static void	PrintSplashScreen ()
	Prints welcome message and infos on version etc. More...

static Bool_t	SearchAndOpenKVFile (const Char_t name, std::ifstream &file, const Char_t kvsubdir="", KVLockfile *locks=0)

static Bool_t	SearchAndOpenKVFile (const Char_t name, std::ofstream &file, const Char_t kvsubdir="", KVLockfile *locks=0)

static Bool_t	SearchKVFile (const Char_t name, TString &fullpath, const Char_t kvsubdir="")

static const Char_t *	WorkingDirectory ()

Static Public Member Functions inherited from TObject
static Longptr_t	GetDtorOnly ()

static Bool_t	GetObjectStat ()

static void	SetDtorOnly (void *obj)

static void	SetObjectStat (Bool_t stat)

Public Attributes inherited from TObject
	kBitMask

	kCanDelete

	kCannotPick

	kHasUUID

	kInconsistent

	kInvalidObject

	kIsOnHeap

	kIsReferenced

	kMustCleanup

	kNoContextMenu

	kNotDeleted

	kObjInCanvas

	kOverwrite

	kSingleKey

	kWriteDelete

	kZombie

Static Protected Attributes inherited from KVMaterial
static KVIonRangeTable *	fIonRangeTable = 0x0
	pointer to class used to calculate charged particle ranges & energy losses More...

#include <KVTarget.h>

Inheritance diagram for KVTarget:

[legend]

Member Enumeration Documentation

◆ anonymous enum

anonymous enum

private

Enumerator
kRandom
kIncoming
kOutgoing

Definition at line 130 of file KVTarget.h.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ KVTarget() [1/3]

KVTarget::KVTarget ( )

Default costructor.

Definition at line 35 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ KVTarget() [2/3]

KVTarget::KVTarget ( const KVTarget & obj )

Copy ctor.

Definition at line 63 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ KVTarget() [3/3]

KVTarget::KVTarget	(	const Char_t *	material,
		Double_t	thick = `0.0`
	)

Just give the type & "thickness" of material for target The "thickness" is the area density of the target in mg/cm**2.

Definition at line 48 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ ~ KVTarget()

virtual KVTarget::~ KVTarget ( )

virtual

Member Function Documentation

◆ AddLayer()

void KVTarget::AddLayer	(	const Char_t *	material,
		Double_t	thick
	)

Add a layer to a target, with 'thickness' in mg/cm**2 (area density). Sets/updates name of target with name of material. In case of multi-layer target the name is material1/material2/material3/...

Definition at line 111 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ Clear()

void KVTarget::Clear ( Option_t * opt = "" )

virtual

Reset absorber - set energy lost by particles to zero.

Reimplemented from KVMaterial.

Definition at line 753 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ Copy()

void KVTarget::Copy ( TObject & obj ) const

virtual

Copy this to obj.

Reimplemented from KVMaterial.

Definition at line 81 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ DetectEvent()

void KVTarget::DetectEvent ( KVEvent * event )

Simulate passage of particles from some simulation through the target material. The particles will be slowed down according to their calculated energy losses. First we SetOutgoing(): for a simulated event, energy losses are only calculated from some interaction point inside the target to the outside. This interaction point will be taken half-way through the target (by default) or at some random depth in the target if SetRandomized() is called first.

Definition at line 721 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ DetectParticle()

void KVTarget::DetectParticle	(	KVNucleus *	kvp,
		TVector3 *	norm = `0`
	)

virtual

Simulate passage of a particle through a target. Energy losses are calculated and the particle is slowed down. We take into account the direction of motion of the particle and an arbitrary orientation of the target.

The' 'TVector3* dummy'argument is not used.

If IsIncoming()=kFALSE & IsOutgoing()=kFALSE, the particle will pass through the whole of the target. If IsIncoming()=kTRUE, calculate energy loss up to interaction point If IsOutgoing()=kTRUE, calculate energy loss from interaction point onwards (outwards)

Reimplemented from KVMaterial.

Definition at line 485 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetAngleToBeam()

Double_t KVTarget::GetAngleToBeam ( )

Gives angle of target to incident beam direction in degrees.

Definition at line 193 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetAtomsPerCM2()

Double_t KVTarget::GetAtomsPerCM2 ( ) const

virtual UInt_t GetUnits() const;

Calculates total number of atoms per square centimetre of the target. For a multilayer target, the area densities for each layer are summed up.

Definition at line 932 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetEffectiveThickness() [1/2]

Double_t KVTarget::GetEffectiveThickness	(	KVParticle *	part = `0`,
		Int_t	ilayer = `1`
	)

Return effective 'thickness' (in mg/cm**2) of layer ilayer (ilayer=1, 2, ...) By default ilayer=1 (i.e. for single layer target) The effective thickness depends on the angle of the target (rotation about x-axis => theta wrt z- (beam)-axis). It also depends on the direction of motion of the incident particle. If no particle is given, effective thicknesses are calculated as for particles travelling in the beam direction. get (or make) vector in particle direction of motion (z-direction if no particle) Info("KVTarget::GetEffectiveThickness","(KVParticle * part, Int_t ilayer)");

Definition at line 214 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetEffectiveThickness() [2/2]

Double_t KVTarget::GetEffectiveThickness	(	TVector3 &	direction,
		Int_t	ilayer = `1`
	)

Return effective 'thickness' (in mg/cm**2) of layer ilayer (ilayer=1, 2, ...) By default ilayer=1 (i.e. for single layer target) The effective thickness depends on the orientation of the target (given by the direction of the normal to its surface) and on the direction (e.g. direction of a particle) Info("KVTarget::GetEffectiveThickness","TVector3 & direction,Int_t ilayer");

Definition at line 246 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetELostByParticle()

Double_t KVTarget::GetELostByParticle	(	KVNucleus *	kvp,
		TVector3 *	norm = `0`
	)

virtual

Simulate passage of a particle through a target. Energy losses are calculated but the particle's energy is not modified. We take into account the direction of motion of the particle and an arbitrary orientation of the target.

The' 'TVector3* dummy'argument is not used.

If IsIncoming()=kFALSE & IsOutgoing()=kFALSE, the particle will pass through the whole of the target. If IsIncoming()=kTRUE, calculate energy loss up to interaction point If IsOutgoing()=kTRUE, calculate energy loss from interaction point onwards (outwards)

Reimplemented from KVMaterial.

Definition at line 594 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetIncidentEnergyFromERes()

Double_t KVTarget::GetIncidentEnergyFromERes	(	Int_t	Z,
		Int_t	A,
		Double_t	Eres
	)

virtual

Calculate initial energy of nucleus (Z,A) from given residual energy Eres, assumed to correspond to the state of the particle after passage through all or some part of the target, taking into account an arbitrary orientation of the target.

*** WARNING *** Obviously we cannot know the particle's direction of motion, therefore we assume it to be travelling in the beam direction (0,0,1) Normally you should use GetParticleEIncFromERes

The' 'TVector3*' argument is not used.

If IsIncoming()=kFALSE & IsOutgoing()=kFALSE, we assume the particle passed through the whole of the target. If IsIncoming()=kTRUE, assume current energy is energy on reaching interaction point; we calculate energy of particle before entering target If IsOutgoing()=kTRUE, assume current energy is energy on exiting from target; we calculate energy of particle at interactio point Fake nucleus

Reimplemented from KVMaterial.

Definition at line 1094 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetInteractionPoint()

TVector3 & KVTarget::GetInteractionPoint ( KVParticle * part = 0 )

Returns last known interaction point (if part=0) or generates a new one if part!=0.

if IsRandomized()=kTRUE the generated interaction point is at a random distance along the direction 'of the incident particle's trajectory through target. if IsRandomized()=kFALSE the generated interaction point is half way along the direction.

If no interaction point is set by the user (i.e. GetInteractionPoint never called with the address of a KVParticle), the default is to generate an interaction point using the beam (+ve Z-)direction.

Definition at line 773 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetLayer() [1/2]

KVMaterial * KVTarget::GetLayer ( const Char_t * name )

Returns layer corresponding to absorber of type 'name'.

Definition at line 354 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetLayer() [2/2]

KVMaterial * KVTarget::GetLayer ( TVector3 & depth )

Returns absorber corresponding to 'depth' inside target, starting from the 'entrance' layer and following the direction of 'depth'. Note: 'depth' is measured in the same 'thickness' units as the thickness of the different layers of the target (mg/cm2) WARNING : returns 0 if no layer is found (depth is outside of target)

Definition at line 272 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetLayerByDepth()

KVMaterial * KVTarget::GetLayerByDepth ( Double_t depth )

Returns absorber corresponding to 'depth' inside target, starting from the 'entrance' layer and following the normal direction. Note: 'depth' is measured in the same 'thickness' units as the thickness of the different layers of the target (mg/cm2, um, etc.) WARNING : returns 0 if no layer is found (depth is outside of target)

Definition at line 321 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetLayerByIndex()

KVMaterial* KVTarget::GetLayerByIndex ( Int_t ilayer ) const

inline

Definition at line 173 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ GetLayerIndex() [1/3]

Int_t KVTarget::GetLayerIndex ( const Char_t * name )

Returns layer index corresponding to absorber of type 'name'. WARNING : user should check returned index is >0 If not, this means that the given material name does not correspond to a layer inside the target

Definition at line 339 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetLayerIndex() [2/3]

Int_t KVTarget::GetLayerIndex ( Double_t depth )

Returns absorber index corresponding to 'depth' inside target, starting from the 'entrance' layer and following the normal direction. Note: 'depth' is measured in the same 'thickness' units as the thickness of the different layers of the target (mg/cm2) WARNING : user should check returned index is >0 If not, this means that the given depth does not correspond to a layer inside the target

Definition at line 383 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetLayerIndex() [3/3]

Int_t KVTarget::GetLayerIndex ( TVector3 & depth )

Returns absorber index corresponding to 'depth' inside target, starting from the 'entrance' layer and following the direction of 'depth'. Note: 'depth' is measured in the same 'thickness' units as the thickness of the different layers of the target (mg/cm2) WARNING : user should check returned index is >0 If not, this means that the given depth does not correspond to a layer inside the target

Definition at line 292 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetLayers()

KVList* KVTarget::GetLayers ( ) const

inline

Definition at line 169 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ GetNormal()

const TVector3& KVTarget::GetNormal ( )

inline

Return vector normal to target

Definition at line 153 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ GetParticleEIncFromERes()

Double_t KVTarget::GetParticleEIncFromERes	(	KVNucleus *	kvp,
		TVector3 *	norm = `0`
	)

virtual

Calculate initial energy of particle from its current (residual) energy, assumed to correspond to the state of the particle after passage through all or some part of the target, taking into account the particle's direction of motion and an arbitrary orientation of the target.

The 'TVector3*' argument is not used.

If IsIncoming()=kFALSE & IsOutgoing()=kFALSE, we assume the particle passed through the whole of the target. If IsIncoming()=kTRUE, assume current energy is energy on reaching interaction point; we calculate energy of particle before entering target If IsOutgoing()=kTRUE, assume current energy is energy on exiting from target; we calculate energy of particle at interactio point

Reimplemented from KVMaterial.

Definition at line 963 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetThickness() [1/2]

Double_t KVTarget::GetThickness ( ) const

inlinevirtual

Returns the linear thickness of the material in cm. Use Units to change units: mat.GetThickness()/KVUnitsum ; in microns

Reimplemented from KVMaterial.

Definition at line 189 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ GetThickness() [2/2]

Double_t KVTarget::GetThickness ( Int_t ilayer ) const

'Thickness' in mg/cm**2 of layer 'ilayer' in target

Definition at line 366 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetTotalEffectiveThickness() [1/2]

Double_t KVTarget::GetTotalEffectiveThickness ( KVParticle * part = 0 )

return sum of effective 'thicknesses' (mg/cm**2) of all layers in target taking into account the angle of the target to the beam and the direction of motion of the incident particle. If no particle is given, effective thicknesses are calculated as for particles travelling in the beam direction.

Definition at line 412 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetTotalEffectiveThickness() [2/2]

Double_t KVTarget::GetTotalEffectiveThickness	(	TVector3 &	dir,
		Int_t	ilay1 = `1`,
		Int_t	ilay2 = `0`
	)

return sum of effective 'thicknesses' (mg/cm**2) of layers ilay1 to ilay2 in target taking into account the angle of the target to the beam and the given direction.

GetTotalEffectiveThickness(dir) --> thickness of all layers GetTotalEffectiveThickness(dir,ilay1) --> thickness of layers ilay1 to last GetTotalEffectiveThickness(dir,ilay1,ilay2) --> thickness of layers ilay1 to ilay2

Definition at line 436 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetTotalThickness() [1/2]

Double_t KVTarget::GetTotalThickness ( )

return sum of 'thicknesses' (area densities in mg/cm**2) of all layers in target

Definition at line 138 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ GetTotalThickness() [2/2]

Double_t KVTarget::GetTotalThickness	(	Int_t	lay1,
		Int_t	lay2
	)

return sum of 'thicknesses' (area densities in mg/cm**2) of layers lay1 to lay2 in target

Definition at line 159 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ init()

void KVTarget::init ( void )

protected

Default initialisations.

Definition at line 15 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ IsIncoming()

Bool_t KVTarget::IsIncoming ( ) const

inline

Definition at line 205 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ IsOutgoing()

Bool_t KVTarget::IsOutgoing ( ) const

inline

Definition at line 225 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ IsRandomized()

Bool_t KVTarget::IsRandomized ( ) const

inline

Definition at line 247 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ NumberOfLayers()

Int_t KVTarget::NumberOfLayers ( ) const

inline

Definition at line 165 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ Print()

void KVTarget::Print ( Option_t * option = "" ) const

virtual

Show information on this material.

Reimplemented from KVMaterial.

Definition at line 742 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ SetAngleToBeam()

void KVTarget::SetAngleToBeam ( Double_t a )

Sets angle of target to incident beam direction by rotating about the +x axis (12 o'clock) Angle 'a' is given in degrees.

Definition at line 178 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ SetIncoming()

void KVTarget::SetIncoming ( Bool_t r = kTRUE )

inline

Set mode of target for calculation of energy loss. target->SetIncoming() target->SetIncoming(kTRUE) : energy loss of particles calculated along beam direction up to interaction point inside target. Note that this automatically sets the 'Outgoing' flag to false. target->SetIncoming(kFALSE) : if used with target->SetOutgoing(kFALSE), energy loss calculated for particle passing through the whole of the target

Definition at line 216 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ SetInteractionLayer() [1/3]

void KVTarget::SetInteractionLayer	(	const Char_t *	name,
		KVParticle *	part
	)

Sets the interaction point inside the layer made of absorber type 'name'

if IsRandomized()=kTRUE the generated interaction point is at a random distance along the direction along the incident particle's trajectory through layer. if IsRandomized()=kFALSE the generated interaction point is half way along the direction inside the layer

Definition at line 886 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ SetInteractionLayer() [2/3]

void KVTarget::SetInteractionLayer	(	const Char_t *	name,
		TVector3 &	dir
	)

Sets the interaction point inside the layer made of absorber type 'name'

if IsRandomized()=kTRUE the generated interaction point is at a random distance along the direction 'dir' inside layer (e.g. incident particle's trajectory through layer). if IsRandomized()=kFALSE the generated interaction point is half way along the direction 'dir' inside the layer

Definition at line 858 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ SetInteractionLayer() [3/3]

void KVTarget::SetInteractionLayer	(	Int_t	ilayer,
		TVector3 &	dir
	)

Sets the interaction point inside the layer with index 'ilayer'

if IsRandomized()=kTRUE the generated interaction point is at a random distance along the direction 'dir' inside layer (e.g. incident particle's trajectory through layer). if IsRandomized()=kFALSE the generated interaction point is half way along the direction 'dir' inside the layer total effective thickness (along 'dir') of all layers before 'ilayer'

Definition at line 815 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ SetLayerThickness()

void KVTarget::SetLayerThickness	(	Float_t	thick,
		Int_t	ilayer = `1`
	)

Set 'thickness' in mg/cm**2 of a layer, by default this is the first layer.

Definition at line 918 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ SetMaterial()

void KVTarget::SetMaterial ( const Char_t * type )

virtual

Set material of first layer.

Reimplemented from KVMaterial.

Definition at line 905 of file KVTarget.cpp.

◆ SetOutgoing()

void KVTarget::SetOutgoing ( Bool_t r = kTRUE )

inline

Set mode of target for calculation of energy loss. target->SetOutgoing() target->SetOutgoing(kTRUE) : energy loss calculated from interaction point inside target upto exit of particle from target taking into account particle's direction of motion. Note that this automatically sets the 'Incoming' flag to false. target->SetOutgoing(kFALSE) : if used with target->SetIncoming(kFALSE), energy loss calculated for particle passing through the whole of the target

Definition at line 237 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ SetRandomized()

void KVTarget::SetRandomized ( Bool_t r = kTRUE )

inline

Definition at line 251 of file KVTarget.h.

Member Data Documentation

◆ fIntPoint

TVector3 KVTarget::fIntPoint

protected

last randomly generated interaction point

Definition at line 141 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ fNLayers

Int_t KVTarget::fNLayers

protected

number of layers

Definition at line 139 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ fNormal

TVector3 KVTarget::fNormal

protected

normal to target - (0,0,1) by default

Definition at line 140 of file KVTarget.h.

◆ fTargets

KVList* KVTarget::fTargets

protected

list of layers

Definition at line 138 of file KVTarget.h.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

kaliveda.doxygen/KVMultiDet/stopping/KVTarget.h
kaliveda.doxygen/KVMultiDet/stopping/KVTarget.cpp

MULTILAYER TARGET

ORIENTATION OF TARGET

CALCULATE ENERGY LOSSES OF PARTICLES IN TARGET

ELASTIC/INELASTIC SCATTERING

1.) SETTING AN INTERACTION POINT

a.) Interaction point anywhere in the target

b.) Interaction point in a specific layer of the target

2.) ENERGY LOSS OF INCIDENT PARTICLE BEFORE SCATTERING

3.) ENERGY LOSS OF PARTICLES AFTER SCATTERING

CORRECTION OF PARTICLE ENERGIES FOR TARGET ENERGY LOSS

Public Member Functions

Protected Member Functions

Protected Attributes

Private Types

Additional Inherited Members

Member Enumeration Documentation

◆ anonymous enum

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ KVTarget() [1/3]

◆ KVTarget() [2/3]

◆ KVTarget() [3/3]

◆ ~ KVTarget()

Member Function Documentation

◆ AddLayer()

◆ Clear()

◆ Copy()

◆ DetectEvent()

◆ DetectParticle()

◆ GetAngleToBeam()

◆ GetAtomsPerCM2()

◆ GetEffectiveThickness() [1/2]

◆ GetEffectiveThickness() [2/2]

◆ GetELostByParticle()

◆ GetIncidentEnergyFromERes()

◆ GetInteractionPoint()

◆ GetLayer() [1/2]

◆ GetLayer() [2/2]

◆ GetLayerByDepth()

◆ GetLayerByIndex()

◆ GetLayerIndex() [1/3]

◆ GetLayerIndex() [2/3]

◆ GetLayerIndex() [3/3]

◆ GetLayers()

◆ GetNormal()

◆ GetParticleEIncFromERes()

◆ GetThickness() [1/2]

◆ GetThickness() [2/2]

◆ GetTotalEffectiveThickness() [1/2]

◆ GetTotalEffectiveThickness() [2/2]

◆ GetTotalThickness() [1/2]

◆ GetTotalThickness() [2/2]

◆ init()

◆ IsIncoming()

◆ IsOutgoing()

◆ IsRandomized()

◆ NumberOfLayers()

◆ Print()

◆ SetAngleToBeam()

◆ SetIncoming()

◆ SetInteractionLayer() [1/3]

◆ SetInteractionLayer() [2/3]

◆ SetInteractionLayer() [3/3]

◆ SetLayerThickness()

◆ SetMaterial()

◆ SetOutgoing()

◆ SetRandomized()

Member Data Documentation

◆ fIntPoint

◆ fNLayers

◆ fNormal

◆ fTargets